Serie XIII, Nr 2

Ruled surface with two real double lines and without Pinchpoints.

Mathematical description
A ruled surface is a surface that can be swept out by a moving line in space. It has a parametrization of the form:

                 x(u,v) = b(u) + vδ(u),

where b is called the director line (or directrix) and δ is the director curve. In this case, the surface has order four and it is embedded in P³.
The surface consists of two sheets and it is given by the following equation: a(x²z²+y²w²) + b(x²w^2+y²z²) + 2cxyzw = 0, where a>0 and b<0. It has two real double lines, where the two sheets intersect each other. The double lines are marked with a blue string and cross each other perpendicularly. There are no real pinch points on this surface. A pinch point is a singular point such that every neighborhood of the point intersects itself. Pinch points are also called Whitney singularities or branch points.

Title model and translation
Regelfläche mit zwei reellen Doppelgeraden ohne Pinchpoints.
Ruled surface with two real double lines and without Pinchpoints.

Text on Sticker and translation
missing sticker.

Designer
Dr. Karl Rohn
Dresden in 1886

Company
Martin Schilling in Halle a.S.

Original price
Mark 49

Dimension
18-18-18 cm

Material
String

Literature
Schilling, M., Catalog mathematischer Modelle für den höheren mathematischen Unterricht, Leipzig: Verlag von Martin Schilling, 1911